The impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on small areas of Central Kazakhstan (on the example of Aktogay)

Abstract

In geography, the orientation of the nature of the environment, as well as the improvement of the ecology of  these areas, is a very important and complex issue. Currently, the nature of rural areas is undergoing various  changes. In this regard, the state has been paying special attention to the improvement of rural areas in recent  years. Improving the nature and ecology of rural areas is the task of each state. Aktogay district is mainly an  ecologically polluted area. The main factors that negatively affect the health of the population include the  Semipalatinsk test site, uranium mines, and the opening of space and ballistic routes for Baikonur rockets.  These factors also negatively affect the flora, fauna, river waters, and territorial lands of the Aktogay district. Now the water, soil, plants and animals of Aktogay have undergone many changes. The forest in the Aktogay  district used to be very large, but now it has changed significantly. Human economic activity is a special  factor affecting the change in nature. The human being, thanks to work and reason, in addition to adapting to  the environment, also changes it. Therefore, in the process of changing nature, humanity also needs to take  into account its subsequent consequences.