Study of the genus Rosehip (Rosa) using molecular biological methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31489/2026feb3/192-200Keywords:
rosehip, Rosa majalis, DNA barcoding, PCR, sequencing, phylogenetic analysisAbstract
This study presents a molecular genetic analysis of a rosehip sample using DNA barcoding and phylogenetic approaches. The aim of the research was species identification based on comparative analysis of nucleotide sequences of nuclear and chloroplast marker genes ITS, matK, rbcL, and trn. Genomic DNA was extracted from rosehip leaves using a modified CTAB method optimized for plant material rich in polyphenolic compounds. Target DNA fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specific primer pairs. PCR products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis, purified, and sequenced using the Sanger method on an automated genetic analyzer. The obtained nucleotide sequences were edited, assembled into consensus sequences, and analyzed using SeqScape and MEGA software packages. Species identification was performed through sequence comparison with the GenBank database using the BLAST algorithm and by constructing phylogenetic trees. The results demonstrated 100% sequence identity of all studied genetic markers with reference sequences of Rosa majalis. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the investigated sample clustered with other representatives of this species within the genus Rosa. The findings indicate high diagnostic value of the selected DNA markers for reliable molecular identification of rosehip species. The integrated approach combining PCR amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis proved to be effective for taxonomic verification. The results may be applied in plant systematics, pharmacognosy, biodiversity studies, and quality control of medicinal plant raw materials.
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